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Social Enterprise-Centered Varieties of Capitalism: How does the variant of capitalism impact the social enterprise sector?
Lopinski, Justin James ; Schwarz, Jiří (advisor) ; Baxa, Jaromír (referee)
Sociální podniky představují způsob, jak využít již existující instituce a trhy k řešení sociálních potřeb, které nejsou dostatečně pokryty soukromým sektorem nebo státem. Sociální problémy, které se snaží řešit, jejich institucionální rámec a trhy na kterých operují jsou jedinečné v rámci svého národního nebo dokonce regionálního kontextu. To vytváří problémy s rozšiřováním a implementací úspěšných modelů do nových komunit. Tato diplomová práce definuje tyto institucionální kontexty pomocí teoretického rámce odvozeného z literatury o Modelech kapitalismu na základě srovnání ukazatelů ekonomické koordinace a vládní intervence v různých zemích. Pomocí regresních technik nejmenších čtverců na průřezovém souboru dat ze 49 zemí byly posuzovány následující tři výzkumné otázky. Zaprvé, má model kapitalismu vliv na sektor sociálních podniků? Za druhé, mají cílené snahy zaměřené na podporu podnikání vedlejší účinky, které prospívají sociálnímu podnikání? Za třetí, poskytují společnosti ve kterých převládají postmaterialistické hodnoty příznivější prostředí pro rozvoj sociálních podniků? Výsledky této analýzy ukazují, že zatímco komerční podnikatelská aktivita je pozitivně ovlivněna ekonomickou koordinací a negativně ovlivněna vládní intervencí, neexistuje důkaz, že by podobný vztah existoval i v případě...
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Efficiency of regulation of minor stationary pollution sources
Mešková, Alena ; Jílková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Vojáček, Ondřej (referee)
Local air pollution significantly affects human health. Among its major polluters are households which are, however, difficult to regulate. This essay describes the tools of regulation of small pollution resources already implemented in existing legislation and also the instruments under consideration by the Ministry of the Environment, focusing on subsidies. The questionnaire survey monitored the feedback of households towards subsidies for heating change and consequently three hypotheses were specified. The first one assumes that the subsidies will be utilized just by households with lower incomes. The second one assumes that the subsidy will be chozen by elderly people. According to the last hypothesis this choice will be preffered by households with higher heating costs. Any of the hypotheses was not rejected. Subsidies will stimulate households to use more environmentally friendly methods of heating.
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Revitalization of the financial markets from the perspective of government anti-crisis interventions
Pešková, Zdenka ; Křížek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kuklik, Robert G. (referee)
The thesis dwells on the state interventions that governments and central banks had to implement in relation to the recent financial crisis and that were focused on stabilization and revitalization of the financial sector. The most attention is dedicated to anti-crisis interventions and the subsequent development in the United States. The first part explains the principles of banking regulation, the main causes of the crisis and the way it spread. The second part illustrates the concrete anti-crisis measures - extraordinary liquidity facilities, bailouts of leading financial institutions, distressed assets buyout, quantitative easing, etc. The third part then, with the aid of market indicators, analyzes the restoration of the standard functions of financial markets and presents an overall assessment of the effectivity and the risks of the realized interventions.
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Common Agricultural Policy and Government Interventions in Wheat Market
Dittrichová, Kateřina ; Munzi, Tomáš (advisor) ; Ryvolová, Ivana (referee)
This bachelor thesis analyses Common agricultural policy of European Union, its benefits and negative impacts in the Czech Republic. The aim is to outline what consequences were brought by joining the European Union in agriculture, rural areas and foreign trade. The thesis focuses on one of the main commodities -- wheat, which is the bearer of all changes in rural economy. First it understates reasons and motives for establishing CAP and negatives leading to series of reforms. Next part provides information about individual reforms. This thesis focuses also on development of agriculture in the Czech Republic in various periods before joining the European Union. Thereinafter it describes impacts of CAP on agriculture, rural areas, prices of products, consumers and foreign trade. In the end this thesis suggests perspectives of Common Agricultural Policy in reference to political attitudes and impulses from member and non-member states.
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Government intervention during economic downturn:pros and cons
Vítek, Jan ; Janíčko, Martin (advisor) ; Babin, Jan (referee)
My thesis has two aims. The first one is to present anti-crisis measures adopted during the Great depression and the current financial and economic crisis. Afterwards, I evaluate and criticize those measures from the point of view of the Austrian school and Keynesian. Both those schools are each other in opposition concerning the opinion on government interventions. Austrian school represents one of the most liberal economical streams, while Keynesians are part of those economical streams that support government participation in the field of aggregate demand. The second aim is to find analogy between the Great depression and the current financial and economic crisis. The searched analogies are related to events that foreran both crisis and that had a direct influence on those crises.
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Banking regulation: Market mechanism as a solution
Šabatka, Juraj ; Dvořák, Petr (advisor) ; Daňhel, Jaroslav (referee)
This paper aims to find an optimal regulatory system for banking industry. In its first part, it analyzes main sources of banking crises throughout 20th and 21st century. In the second part, it proposes a regulatory system and its tools. Analysis is based on understanding of incentives of market participants, regulators and their interactions. Regulatory tools are assessed in terms of efficiency, i.e. examining their consequences for the economy. This paper is based on an idea that despite unquestionable flaws, market mechanism is the best tool to organize an economy and its industries.
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